C Program To Implement Dictionary Using Hashing Algorithms ((full)) -

Save the full code in a file hash_dict.c . Compile with GCC:

create_node() allocates memory for the Node structure and duplicates the key string using malloc and strcpy . It sets the value and the next pointer to NULL . If any allocation fails, the program prints an error and exits.

(number of items / total slots). As the table fills, collisions increase and speed drops. : Generally, you should resize when the table is : Allocate a new array (typically double the size c program to implement dictionary using hashing algorithms

To make the dictionary work with any data type, replace int value with void *value and store the size or use a union.

If you use an array (sorted), search is O(log n) with binary search, but insert/delete are O(n). If you use a linked list, search is O(n). Hashing transforms this by using a to convert the key into an integer index, allowing direct access to an array slot. In an ideal scenario, all operations are O(1) . Save the full code in a file hash_dict

typedef struct // ... existing fields ... pthread_mutex_t lock; // Global lock HashTable;

| Method | Pros | Cons | |--------|------|------| | (our code) | Simple, fast average case, no table limit | Extra pointer overhead | | Open addressing (linear probing) | Cache efficient, no pointers | Clustering, hard deletion | | Binary search tree (e.g., treap) | Ordered keys, no worst-case | O(log n) operations | | Sorted array + binary search | Very fast search, low memory | Slow insert/delete O(n) | If any allocation fails, the program prints an

return hash;

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free(old_buckets);